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Manufacturing

Direct exports by manufacturing Table 19.23 shows the proportions of manufacturing employment and turnover accounted for by manufacturing establishments, classified by the extent to which they directly engage in exporting activity. It also shows the value of those direct exports as a percentage of total sales of goods produced.

Generally, exporting establishments have higher turnover per person employed than non-exporting establishments. In 1998-99, establishments which undertook some exporting accounted for 44% of manufacturing employment, but contributed slightly under 60% of manufacturing turnover. Industries where exporting establishments contributed the most to industry turnover were Petroleum, coal, chemical and associated product manufacturing (71% of industry turnover) and Machinery and equipment manufacturing (68%). Industries where exporting establishments contributed least to industry turnover were Other manufacturing (28%) and Printing, publishing and recorded media (27%). On average, exporting establishments showed higher wages and salaries per person employed than non-exporting establishments.

Overall, manufacturers directly exported 16% of the goods they produced in 1998-99. Industries with the highest levels of direct exporting were Metal product manufacturing (28%), Food, beverage and tobacco manufacturing (18%) and Machinery and equipment manufacturing (17%). Industries which exported less than 5% of the goods they produced were Printing, publishing and recorded media (4.7%), Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing (3.5%) and Other manufacturing (3.2%).

Businesses which employed 100 or more persons had the highest proportion of exports in their sales (18%), followed by businesses which employed 0-49 people (13%) and business employing 50-99 people (12%).


19.23 MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENTS, Summary of Operations by Proportion of Exports - 1998-99
Establishments with exports
Establishments that do not export
Up to and including
50% of sales
of goods produced
Of more than
50% of sales
of goods produced
Industry subdivision
Employment at end of June(a)

%
Turnover

%
Employment at end of June(a)

%
Turnover

%
Employment at end of June(a)

%
Turnover

%
Exports as % of sales
of goods produced

%
Food, beverage and tobacco manufacturing
47.9
39.0
38.4
46.0
13.7
14.9
18.3
Textile, clothing, footwear and leather manufacturing
56.8
42.3
38.0
47.2
5.3
10.6
13.9
Wood and paper product manufacturing
74.4
59.9
24.8
37.0
0.8
3.1
5.9
Printing, publishing and recorded media
79.1
72.7
19.7
24.4
1.2
2.9
4.7
Petroleum, coal, chemical and associated product manufacturing
40.3
28.9
56.5
67.5
3.2
3.6
10.8
Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing
63.8
67.3
34.8
31.5
1.4
1.2
3.5
Metal product manufacturing
57.1
35.5
33.9
40.3
9.1
24.2
27.7
Machinery and equipment manufacturing
44.3
31.6
47.2
57.9
8.5
10.6
16.7
Other manufacturing
78.7
72.2
20.1
26.2
1.2
1.6
3.2
Total manufacturing
56.0
41.4
37.3
47.4
6.8
11.2
15.7
(a) Includes working proprietors.

Source: Manufacturing Industry, Australia (8221.0).
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